North Dakota Homebuyer & Homeowner Resources

What stands out

The one number in North Dakota's data worth reading first

Nothing in North Dakota's data jumps off the page as extreme — prices moved up a modest 2.2% over the past year, and the numbers below are worth reading as a set rather than any one outlier.

Home prices by city

How far the North Dakota median actually stretches

North Dakota's statewide median of $268,100 moved up 2.2% over the past year, per Zillow Home Value Index, April 2026. That median blends markets that don't resemble each other: Bismarck runs highest among the state's major cities at $310,000 (Redfin estimate 2026), while Minot is lowest at $238,000 (Redfin estimate 2026) — a 30% spread inside one state's own market.

Source: Zillow Home Value Index, April 2026 (www.zillow.com/home-values/36/nd) for the statewide figure; city figures cited individually above.

Compare a specific city's price against the statewide payment with the Mortgage Calculator.

Property tax, county by county

How North Dakota actually taxes your home

Property tax in North Dakota tops out in Cass County (Fargo), where the effective rate runs 1.13%, and bottoms out in Slope County at 0.54% — a 0.59-point spread inside one state. The statewide effective rate is 0.95% ($2,547/year on the median-priced home), which ranks North Dakota #23 of 51 nationally. On a $300,000 home, the gap between Cass County and Slope County alone is worth roughly $1,770/year, before either county's exemptions are applied.

Assessments reset annually here: Annual assessment by county assessors. Residential property assessed at 50% of true and full value. Because the taxable value is only 50% of market value, the effective rate above already prices in that discount — don't apply it again when estimating your own bill.

North Dakota offers a homestead exemption for owner-occupied primary residences: Primary Residence Credit: $500 credit applied to property tax bills of owner-occupied primary residences (2024). Homestead Credit for low-income elderly and disabled homeowners. Oil and gas tax revenues have historically helped fund property tax relief measures. File through the state/county assessor's office — homestead exemptions are almost never applied automatically at closing.

Sources: Tax Foundation Property Taxes by State 2024 (taxfoundation.org/data/all/state/property-taxes-by-state-county) for the effective rate and county figures; www.nd.gov/tax/user/businesses/property-tax for exemption rules.

Estimate your own bill with the Property Tax Calculator, or see how it folds into your full payment with the Mortgage Calculator.

Closing costs, itemized

What you'll actually pay at the table in North Dakota

North Dakota's own standing here: Below average — no transfer tax. In dollar terms that's about 2.4% of the purchase price — roughly $6,434 on the state's median home.

North Dakota charges no state transfer tax on real estate sales — one line item most other states' buyers or sellers pay that doesn't apply here. Confirm the current rate with the state tax authority before closing — local add-on transfer taxes are common and this figure may not include them.

North Dakota does not require an attorney at closing — a title company or escrow agent can handle the transaction, though buyers are still free to hire an attorney for review at their own cost. Title insurance runs about $1,200 on the state's median home price, scaling with purchase price.

The 2.4% figure above covers lender fees, title work, recording, and the transfer tax detailed below — it does not include prepaid items collected at closing (the first months of property tax and insurance funding your escrow account, plus a per-diem of interest to the first payment date). Those prepaids appear as a separate line on the closing disclosure and scale with your specific loan amount and closing date, not with this state-level average.

Sources: ClosingCorp 2021 / Urban Institute 2025 (www.urban.org/urban-wire/why-do-closing-costs-differ-between-states) for the overall estimate; www.nd.gov/tax/ for the current transfer tax rate.

Get a full line-item breakdown for your own purchase price with the Closing Costs Calculator.

The income math

Salary it actually takes to buy in North Dakota

The income math below uses the same median home price as the rest of this page — $268,100, per Zillow Home Value Index, April 2026. A buyer putting 20% down on that home needs about $74,443/year in household income to qualify at standard debt-to-income limits (monthly PITI of $1,737). Stretching to a 10% down payment raises the bar to $89,057/year ($2,078/month PITI) — a smaller down payment does not make the home more affordable on a monthly basis; it usually makes it less affordable, once PMI is added.

North Dakota's median household income is $68,131/year. That leaves a gap of $6,312/year (9.3% short) between what the typical household earns and what the 20%-down math requires. That's a real, but not extreme, shortfall — a median-income household in North Dakota likely needs to stretch the DTI ratio, buy below the median, or bring extra down payment to close it.

The gap between the two down-payment scenarios is instructive: dropping from 20% to 10% down raises the required income by $14,614/year — a smaller upfront check does not translate into an easier qualification in North Dakota, because the extra loan balance plus PMI outweighs the cash saved at closing. (Derived: 10%-down required income minus 20%-down required income, both from the Home price: Zillow Home Value Index (same figure as this page's median home price, see housing block); household income: Census ACS 2024; PITI assumptions: 6.52% 30-yr fixed (Freddie Mac, June 2026), state effective property tax rate, state avg. homeowners insurance premium, 0.85% PMI (680-719 credit band) figures above.)

Put another way: at North Dakota's actual median household income, the home price that fits standard underwriting is $242,895 — 9% below the actual median home price.

Where affordability differs most inside North Dakota

Source: Home price: Zillow Home Value Index (same figure as this page's median home price, see housing block); household income: Census ACS 2024; PITI assumptions: 6.52% 30-yr fixed (Freddie Mac, June 2026), state effective property tax rate, state avg. homeowners insurance premium, 0.85% PMI (680-719 credit band), June 2026.

Check whether your own income clears the bar with the Mortgage Affordability Calculator and see your qualifying ratio with the DTI Calculator.

Down payment assistance

What North Dakota actually offers buyers

North Dakota's primary down payment assistance program is the DCA (Down Payment and Closing Cost Assistance), administered by North Dakota Housing Finance Agency (NDHFA). It is structured as a forgivable loan — the balance is forgiven over time as long as you stay in the home. Maximum assistance is capped at $0. The purchase price cannot exceed $500,000.

The primary program above covers about 0% of North Dakota's median home price — meaningful help with cash-to-close, but nowhere near enough to skip saving for the rest of the down payment. (Derived: primary program's max assistance ÷ North Dakota's median home price, both cited above.) Apply directly through the agency — www.ndhousing.nd.gov/ — rather than through a third party; funding availability changes without notice, so the agency's own page is the only reliable source for whether it's currently open.

Other North Dakota programs worth stacking

• Start — a forgivable loan — the balance is forgiven over time as long as you stay in the home, up to $0.

Source: North Dakota Housing Finance Agency programme pages (retrieved 2026-09-14), September 2026. Program terms change with agency funding cycles — confirm current limits on the agency page before budgeting around a specific dollar figure.

Run the numbers with this assistance folded in using the Down Payment Savings Calculator and check how it moves your required income with the Mortgage Affordability Calculator.

Insurance & climate exposure

What actually drives your premium in North Dakota

The climate risks behind North Dakota's homeowners insurance rate: blizzards and extreme cold (Fargo regularly records temperatures below -30°F windchill); flooding (Red River valley — 1997 and 2009 historic floods); tornadoes (less frequent than southern Plains but occur); hailstorms (summer severe weather season).

The average $300,000 dwelling homeowners premium in North Dakota is $2,846/year, per Insurance.com — Average homeowners insurance rates by state (Rate Analysis 2026) · $300,000 dwelling. This is the same figure used at the top of this page and in the insurance summary card above — one number, one basis, used consistently everywhere on this page.

Separately, this state's insurer-reported data (not the figure above) ranks North Dakota #19 nationally for homeowners insurance cost and shows premiums moving roughly 6% over the past year. Carriers here underwrite primarily against Hail storms, Blizzards and ice storms, Flooding.

Where in North Dakota you pay more — or less

These county figures come from the same insurer-reported series as the rank above, not from Insurance.com — Average homeowners insurance rates by state (Rate Analysis 2026) · $300,000 dwelling — they show relative spread within the state, and shouldn't be averaged against the statewide premium quoted above.

Premium source: Insurance.com — Average homeowners insurance rates by state (Rate Analysis 2026) · $300,000 dwelling. Rank, YoY change, risk factors, and county breakdown source: Insurance.com 2026; NAIC Homeowners Insurance Report 2024, January 2026 — a separate series from the premium figure above.

Model insurance into your full monthly cost with the Home Insurance Cost Calculator and see the whole picture, taxes included, with the Mortgage Calculator.

HOA fees

How common HOAs are in North Dakota

About 15% of North Dakota homes report an HOA, per the Census Bureau's American Housing Survey — averaging $180/month. North Dakota doesn't have the kind of dense HOA/condo market this dataset tracks in detail state law for, so treat that figure as a rough statewide average rather than a market you need to research county by county; a specific listing's HOA disclosure will always be the more reliable number.

Source: Census American Housing Survey 2023 (www.census.gov/programs-surveys/ahs.html).

Build the fee into your monthly budget with the Mortgage Calculator, and check how it affects loan qualification with the DTI Calculator.

Maintenance & utilities

Upkeep costs specific to North Dakota's climate

Standard guidance budgets 1.5% of home value per year for maintenance — about $4,022/year ($335/month) on North Dakota's median-priced home. What actually drives that number here: extreme cold requires robust insulation, snow removal, and heating system redundancy; flooding risk in Red River valley requires foundation waterproofing and sump pump maintenance.

Two assets carry most of that reserve: an HVAC system, which runs 15-18 years (cold winters; natural gas and propane heating dominant), and a roof, which runs 20-25 years (heavy snow load and hail are primary wear factors). Budget the shorter of the two into your reserve first, rather than treating the monthly maintenance figure as the only cost.

Utilities add another $215/month on average — $110 electric and $105 gas — on top of the mortgage, tax, insurance, and maintenance figures above.

Sources: Fannie Mae 1-2% guideline; Bankrate Hidden Costs Study 2025 for maintenance; U.S. Energy Information Administration (www.eia.gov/consumption/residential) for utilities.

Price a specific repair or replacement with the Home Renovation Cost Calculator or the New Roof Installation Cost Calculator.

Rent vs. buy, by city

Where buying beats renting in North Dakota

Statewide, North Dakota's price-to-rent ratio is 19.4 against a median monthly rent of $1,150, putting the modeled break-even — where cumulative ownership costs cross what renting would have cost — around 4.5 years. Moderate — Fargo is near neutral; Bismarck and secondary markets favor buying for 5+ year stays.

The statewide ratio hides real variation between North Dakota's own metro markets:

Minot has the lowest ratio in the state at 16.4 — the strongest buy case of North Dakota's major metros — while Fargo runs highest at 22.3, where renting keeps more cash flexible for a longer stretch.

Source: Census ACS 2023 / Baselane Research 2025. A price-to-rent ratio under roughly 15 generally favors buying; above roughly 21, renting; the range between is a close call that depends on how long you plan to stay.

Run your own break-even year with the Rent vs. Buy Calculator.

Loan limits & the full monthly breakdown

What the mortgage math looks like in North Dakota

The 2026 conforming loan limit in North Dakota is $832,750 statewide, with no high-cost-area exception. Borrow above that and you're in jumbo-loan territory, with different underwriting and typically a higher rate. The 30-year rate used in these estimates is 6.4%, per Freddie Mac PMMS, May 2026 (www.freddiemac.com/pmms) — check the live rate before locking, since Freddie Mac publishes a fresh figure every week.

Where the North Dakota median-home payment actually goes

On the $268,100 median home with 20% down ( $214,480 loan), principal and interest is $1,340/month — but that's only 59% of the true monthly cost. Property tax adds $212, insurance $181, maintenance $335, and utilities $215 — bringing the true monthly cost to $2,283. True monthly cost is 70% higher than mortgage alone..

First-time buyer mortgage programs in North Dakota

• North Dakota Housing Finance Agency HomeAccess Program (North Dakota Housing Finance Agency (NDHFA)) — 30-year fixed-rate FHA, VA, USDA, or conventional mortgage. Up to $832,750, minimum 3% down. Income limit: Up to $105,000–$130,000 depending on household size. Must not have owned a primary residence in the past 3 years; minimum 640 credit score Available through NDHFA-approved lenders statewide; homebuyer education required..
• NDHFA Down Payment and Closing Cost Assistance (North Dakota Housing Finance Agency (NDHFA)) — Second mortgage — 0% interest, deferred. Up to $8,000. Deferred — due on sale, refinance, or payoff of first mortgage Income limit: Same as NDHFA first mortgage income limits. Up to $8,000 for down payment and closing costs..

Loan limit source: www.fhfa.gov/. Rate source: Freddie Mac PMMS, May 2026.

Model your own price point with the Mortgage Calculator or check FHA-specific numbers with the FHA Loan Calculator.

Sources

Where every number on this page comes from

This page draws on 12 distinct primary sources for North Dakota — government tax and housing finance agencies, federal rate and loan-limit publishers, and industry cost surveys — each cited at the point it's used above and listed again here with the period the figure reflects. Construction, insurance, and rate data move; check the linked source directly before making a purchase decision on an older figure.

• Median home price — www.zillow.com/home-values/36/nd (2026-Q2)
• Property tax rates & exemptions — taxfoundation.org/data/all/state/property-taxes-by-state-county (Tax Foundation Property Taxes by State 2024)
• Homestead exemption rules — www.nd.gov/tax/user/businesses/property-tax (Tax Foundation Property Taxes by State 2024)
• Homeowners insurance rates — www.insurance.com/home-and-renters-insurance/home-insurance-basics/average-homeowners-insurance-rates-by-state (Insurance.com Rate Analysis 2026)
• Closing cost benchmarks — www.urban.org/urban-wire/why-do-closing-costs-differ-between-states (ClosingCorp 2021 / Urban Institute 2025)
• Transfer tax rules — www.nd.gov/tax (ClosingCorp 2021 / Urban Institute 2025)
• Utility costs — www.eia.gov/consumption/residential (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
• HOA prevalence (Census AHS) — www.census.gov/programs-surveys/ahs.html (Census American Housing Survey 2023)
• 30-year mortgage rate — www.freddiemac.com/pmms (Freddie Mac PMMS, May 2026)
• Conforming loan limit — www.fhfa.gov (FHFA)
• Down payment assistance program — www.ndhousing.nd.gov (September 2026)
• North Dakota Housing Finance Agency HomeAccess Program — www.ndhfa.org/homeownership (2026-Q2)